It also offers significant application potential in cosmetics, food, dyes, and beverages. It has a high pigment content, excellent water solubility, is a clear and transparent solution, has a bright color, is natural and safe, has good nutritional value, and has pharmacological actions. Jujube peel contains red pigment and is an ideal source of natural pigment. Jujube fruits, peels, seed kernels, leaves, wood hearts, and branches can be used in medicine to treat anemia, lung deficiency, cough, neurasthenia, sexual purpura, and other curative effects, and jujube is a nutritional tonic that has been valued by the medical community both nationally and internationally. Jujube fruits are known as “natural vitamin pills.” According to a recent study, jujube fruit has a high concentration of proteins, sugars, organic acids, fats, 18 types of amino acids required by the human body, as well as iron, zinc, phosphorus, calcium, and selenium. It is a delicious and nutritious fruit with high nutritional compounds and potent medicinal and health benefits. Finally, it also provides us a simple new method for efficient extraction of natural antioxidants from discarded jujube peels.Ĭhinese jujube is the fruit of the Ziziphus jujuba Mill of the Rhamnaceae family. Additionally, the red pigment extracts exhibited high free radical scavenging capacity and strong Fe 3+ reducing power. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) assay revealed that delphinidin 3- O-galactoside and cyanidin 3- O-rutinoside chloride were the major components of the jujube pigment extracts. When the fruit peels were treated with 1.18% cellulase and 73% ethanol at pH 3.15, optimization enhanced the pigment extraction efficiency by 29.7% compared with the control. Six extraction-related parameters (ethanol concentration, solid-liquid ratio, material granularity, enzyme concentration, enzymolysis time, and pH) were optimized for jujube peel pigment extraction using Plackett–Burman and Box–Behnken designs. In the current study, the jujube peels were collected for red pigment extraction. The fruit peel, however, is always discarded due to its indigestibility. Chinese jujube is a delicious fruit with high antioxidant nutrients.
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